UTP (Unshielded twisted pair) and STP (Shielded twisted pair) are the types of twisted pair cables which act as a transmission medium and imparts reliable connectivity of electronic equipment. Although the design and manufacture are different but both serve the same purpose. The basic difference between UTP and STP is UTP (Unshielded twisted pair) is a cable with wires that are twisted together to reduce noise and crosstalk. On the contrary, STP (Shielded twisted pair) is a twisted pair cable … [Read more...]

In this article, we are going to discuss about two terms frequently used in networking as a unit of data i.e, frame and packet. The crucial difference between frame and packet is that frame is the serial collection of bits, and it encapsulates packets whereas packets are the fragmented form of data and it encapsulates segment. Data link layer performs framing process. On the other hand, Network layer performs fragmentation of the data and create smaller chunks known as packets. Another major … [Read more...]

Bluetooth and Wifi provide wireless communication and uses radio signals for doing so. The main difference between Bluetooth and Wifi is the purpose behind its designing. Bluetooth is essentially used to connect short-range devices for sharing data while Wifi provides high-speed internet access. Another difference between Bluetooth and Wifi is that limited number of devices have provision to connect with other devices in Bluetooth. On the other hand, Wifi provides access to more number of … [Read more...]

Bit rate and Baud rate, these two terms are often used in data communication. Bit rate is simply the number of bits (i.e., 0's and 1's) transmitted in per unit time. While Baud rate is the number of signal units transmitted per unit time that is needed to represent those bits. The crucial difference between bit rate and baud rate that one change of state can transfer one bit, or slightly more or less than one bit that relies on the modulation technique used. Hence, the given equation defines … [Read more...]

IPv4 and IPv6 are the versions of internet protocol where IPv6 is the enhanced version of IPv4. There are various differences between IPv4 and IPv6 protocol including their features, but the crucial one is the number of addresses (Address space) it generates. IP version 4 (IPv4) generates 4.29 x 109 unique network addresses which is insufficient in quantity and as a result Internet is running out of space. Whereas IP version 6 (IPv6) produces 3.4 x 1038 addresses and is a scalable and … [Read more...]

Communication can be established in two ways between two or more devices that are connection-oriented and connection-less. Network layers can offer these two different types of services to its predecessor layer for transferring data. Connection-oriented services involve the establishment and termination of the connection while connection-less services don't require any connection creation and termination processes for transferring data. Another difference between connection-oriented and … [Read more...]

A network is formed when two or more devices connect to share data or resources. A large network may need to be subdivided for efficient frame delivery or the traffic management. Bridges or switches are used to connect these subdivided segments of networks. In a long way, the terms bridge and switch are use interchangeably. Bridge and switch both provide the same functionality but the switch does it with greater efficiency. A bridge connects smaller network segments to form a large network, … [Read more...]

Networking environment's most common task is to transfer the files/data/information between the hosts on the network. FTP and SFTP are the file transferring protocols. Transferring the files over the network in the plain text format can raise the security concern. The FTP protocol was introduced when security over the internet was not a big issue. The data was sent unencrypted in FTP which can be easily intercepted by the attacker. Hence, some secure channel was required to transfer the … [Read more...]

Transmission is the process of forwarding a packet from one host to other connections in a network. In this article, I have discussed the two transmission methods, broadcast and multicast. In both cases, address aggregation is performed, which reduces the size of the prefix that defines the network to which destination hosts are connected. Address aggregation combines the packets and deliver them to ISP (Internet Service Provider), which holds some network together. Further, the packets are … [Read more...]