The primitive difference between the QAM and QPSK is that the spectral width of QAM is narrower than the QPSK. Furthermore, the BER (Bit Error Rate) of the QAM is higher than the QPSK. Previously, to transfer the digital data we used analog transmission medium. Hence, we required a technology which can convert the digital data into analog signals, such as employed in the telephone networks. So, to perform such task the modem (modulator/demodulator) is used where the modulation and demodulation … [Read more...]

SONET and SDH are the interfacing optical technologies mainly used in telephone networks. These technologies are very similar; however, there exist minor differences between them. The first point based on which SONET and SDH can be distinguished is the origin of the standards SONET is developed by ANSI and can carry payloads for the North American PDH hierarchy. On the other hand, SDH was developed by ITU-T (international standard). Furthermore, the frame format of SONET usually utilizes v3 … [Read more...]

CIDR and VLSM are the terms explicitly used at the time of designing a network where CIDR is used for merging the routes in order to decrease the routing information carried by the core routers. On the contrary, VLSM facilitates in optimizing the available address space. CIDR is just opposite of VLSM, where it describes rules for referencing set of networks with a single route statement. Conversely, VLSM defines rules for subdividing the networks. Content: CIDR and VLSM Comparison … [Read more...]

Cloud computing and virtualization are very closely related terms where the virtualization drives single resource behaves as many whereas cloud computing enables distinct departments and companies retrieve a single pool of spontaneously provisioned resources. Virtualization is the primary technology used to make the cloud computing functional. However, it is different from cloud computing which we have described below in detail. Content: Cloud Computing Vs Virtualization Comparison … [Read more...]

A router and firewall are two different things, and the router is hardware to provide connections to various devices. As against, a firewall resides between the network and the system to filter the data going in and out of the system. However, both can be used for filtering the traffic with an access control list. The router works on a hardware level, mostly. In contrast, the firewall is based on software. The router is a device used for establishing the networks. Inversely, a firewall is … [Read more...]

The EIGRP and OSPF are the interior gateway routing protocols which help in selecting the routes for transferring or sharing the data through interacting with the routers. The former protocol, EIGRP employs a distance vector routing protocol while the latter one, OSPF uses a link-state routing protocol. However, the capability of EIGRP and OSPF to learn the dynamic routes for the network is functionally equivalent, but there are several differences between them. Such as the EIGRP is Cisco … [Read more...]

The RJ (Registered Jack) connectors, RJ45 and RJ11 are prevalent connectors used with the UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) cables. These connectors can be differentiated by their size, the number of pin and structure where RJ45 has a larger size and number of pins as compared to the RJ11 connector. RJ45 and RJ11 are the very common RJ ports which are used for different purposes, RJ45 is newer, modular, self-securing and compact technology used for connecting the ethernet cables to different … [Read more...]

There are various characteristics of the data transmission such as speed, bandwidth, latency, throughput, jitter, error rate, etcetera. In this content, we are going to discuss two of the major characteristics - bandwidth and throughput. Bandwidth is the total amount of speed that can be achieved by a transmission line. Conversely, throughput is the actual amount of speed that we get in data transmission after experiencing various type of losses. There is another factor, (i.e., interface) … [Read more...]

In networking the topologies can be classified into two types in its most fundamental way. The former is physical topology, and the latter one is the logical topology, the physical topology specifies the structuring of the network while logical topology describes the communication mechanism used by devices on the LAN for the transmission of the data. Now, let's understand what is a network topology, before understanding types of it. A Network Topology describes how various electronic devices … [Read more...]

We are aware of cloud computing, and the services that the cloud provides, and if you have no idea about it, you may refer previous articles provided in the website to understand it better. In this article, we will be discussing the two types of cloud services, Azure and AWS. The significant difference between Azure and AWS is that the Azure is a Microsoft based cloud service while AWS stands for Amazon Web Services; hence, it is Amazon based service. The computing resources that the AWS uses … [Read more...]