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Tech Differences

Know the Technical Differences

Difference Between Guided and Unguided Media

Guided-Vs-Unguided-MediaThe computer and other communicating devices represent data in the form of signals. The signals transmit between communicating devices in the form of electromagnetic energy, and hence the signals are called electromagnetic signals. Electromagnetic signals are the combination of electric and magnetic fields that vibrates in relation to each other. The electromagnetic signals can travel through various transmission media. The transmission media is broadly classified into two categories that are guided and unguided media.

The basic difference between guided and unguided media is that in the guided media, the signal travels through a physical medium whereas, in unguided media, the signal travel through the air. There are some more differences between guided and unguided media which I have discussed with the help of comparison chart shown below.

Content: Guided Vs Unguided Media

  1. Comparison Chart
  2. Definition
  3. Key Differences
  4. Conclusion

Comparison Chart

Basis for Comparison Guided MediaUnguided Media
Basic The signal requires a physical path for transmission.The signal is broadcasted through air or sometimes water.
Alternative nameIt is called wired communication or bounded transmission media.It is called wireless communication or unbounded transmission media.
DirectionIt provides direction to signal for travelling.It does not provide any direction.
TypesTwisted pair cable, coaxial cable and fibre optic cable.Radio wave, microwave and infrared.

Definition of Guided Media

Guided transmission media are more commonly known as the wired communication or bounded transmission media. The electromagnetic signals travel between the communicating devices through a physical medium/conductor. As the medium for transmission is a physical conductor, it also provides direction to the signal. But there are physical limitations of the conductor in the guided media. Like the length of the conductor, its installation cost, its maintenance, etc.

The guided media is categorized further into three categories that are twisted-pair cable, coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable. The twisted pair cable has two conductors wires wounded around each other and each surrounded by an insulating material. The twisted pair cable is flexible and easy to install. But it has low bandwidth and provide less protection from interference. Twisted pair cable are also of two types shielded and unshielded twisted pair cable.

The coaxial cable has a central core conductor (usually copper) enclosed in an insulating sheath, which is further encased in an outer metallic braid, it serves as both protection against noise and as a second conductor which completes the circuit. Now, the outer metallic covering is also covered by an insulating sheath. The coaxial cable carries signals of higher frequency than the twisted pair cable.

The third category is the optical fibre which is made of glass or plastic, and it transmits signals in the form of light. The optical fibre is noise resistance, has less signal attenuation and has a higher bandwidth in comparison to twisted pair cable and coaxial cable. But it also has some drawbacks like; it is very expensive, it requires a lot of installation and maintenance charge as any defect in the cable can diffuse light and alter the signals. As the optical fibre is made of glass, it is very fragile.

So, we have discussed the major categories of guided media lets move on to unguided media.

Definition of Unguided Media

The unguided media is also called wireless communication. It does not require any physical medium to transmit electromagnetic signals. In unguided media, the electromagnetic signals are broadcasted through air to everyone. These signals are available to one who has the device capable of receiving those signal.

The unguided media is also called unbounded media as it does not have any border limitation. The unguided media allows the user to connect all the time, as the communication is wireless the user can connect himself from anywhere to the network.

The unguided media is categorized into radio waves, microwaves and infrared waves. The radio waves are generated easily; they are low-frequency signals and can travel a long distance. The radio waves can penetrate through the buildings.

The microwaves are transmitted in a straight line and hence require the line-of-sight transmission. The distance covered by the microwave signal depend on the height of the two antenna. More the taller are antennas longer is the distance covered by the signal. The microwave has a frequency higher than the radio waves. Microwave are used for telephone communication mobile phones, television distribution, etc.

Infrared waves are used for short range communication. Like, the remote control for televisions, VCRs, etc. uses infrared waves. It can not penetrate through obstacles. The government licence is not required, to operate an infrared system as it is more secure against eavesdropping.

Key Differences Between Guided and Unguided Media

  1. The key difference between guided and unguided media is that guided media uses a physical path or conductor to transmit the signals whereas, the unguided media broadcast the signal through the air.
  2. The guided media is also called wired communication or bounded transmission media. However, the unguided media is also called wireless communication or unbounded transmission media.
  3. The guided media provide direction to the signal whereas, the unguided media does not direct the signal.
  4. Categories of guided media are twisted pair cable, coaxial cable and optical fibre. On the other hands, the categories of unguided media are radio wave, microwave, and infrared signal.

Conclusion

Guided media is a wired communication it transmits data either using twisted pair cable, coaxial cable or fibre optics; it requires maintenance charge. The unguided media is a wireless communication it transmits signal by broadcasting it through the air.

Related Differences:

  1. Difference Between Optical Fibre and Coaxial Cable
  2. Difference Between UTP and STP Cables
  3. Difference Between Radio wave and Microwave
  4. Difference Between ADSL and Cable Modem
  5. Difference Between Analog and Digital Signal

Comments

  1. Zohaib Baig says

    July 18, 2018 at 5:33 am

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    thank-you for such an informative material …

    Reply
  2. Vini says

    October 25, 2018 at 4:42 pm

    Nice, it is very helpful.

    Reply
  3. kelem abrha says

    November 25, 2018 at 11:31 am

    wow! really explained well that i want to thank you so much.

    Reply
  4. Vidya says

    April 14, 2019 at 7:37 am

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    Reply
  5. Diwash says

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  7. Saood Shah says

    December 8, 2019 at 1:03 pm

    Thanks for the explanation

    Reply
  8. Pratika Agnihotri says

    December 12, 2019 at 6:00 am

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    Reply
  9. Nirmal Singh says

    December 14, 2019 at 6:39 am

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    Reply
  10. SHAILENDRA SAKHARAM WANI says

    September 18, 2020 at 2:59 am

    This is really very nice & important information in very simple language for students.
    Thanks a lot

    Reply
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