Tech Differences

Communication can be established in two ways between two or more devices that are connection-oriented and connection-less. Network layers can offer these two different types of services to its predecessor layer for transferring data. Connection-oriented services involve the establishment and termination of the connection while connection-less services don't require any connection creation and termination processes for transferring data. Another difference between connection-oriented and … [Read more...]

A network is formed when two or more devices connect to share data or resources. A large network may need to be subdivided for efficient frame delivery or the traffic management. Bridges or switches are used to connect these subdivided segments of networks. In a long way, the terms bridge and switch are use interchangeably. Bridge and switch both provide the same functionality but the switch does it with greater efficiency. A bridge connects smaller network segments to form a large network, … [Read more...]

Networking environment's most common task is to transfer the files/data/information between the hosts on the network. FTP and SFTP are the file transferring protocols. Transferring the files over the network in the plain text format can raise the security concern. The FTP protocol was introduced when security over the internet was not a big issue. The data was sent unencrypted in FTP which can be easily intercepted by the attacker. Hence, some secure channel was required to transfer the … [Read more...]

Transmission is the process of forwarding a packet from one host to other connections in a network. In this article, I have discussed the two transmission methods, broadcast and multicast. In both cases, address aggregation is performed, which reduces the size of the prefix that defines the network to which destination hosts are connected. Address aggregation combines the packets and deliver them to ISP (Internet Service Provider), which holds some network together. Further, the packets are … [Read more...]

POP3 and IMAP are the protocols that are used to retrieve mail from the mailbox at the mail server to the recipient's computer. Both are message accessing agents (MAA). The two protocols POP3 and IMAP are used when both the sender and recipient of mail are connected to the mail server by WAN or LAN. The SMTP protocol transfers the mail from client's computer to the mail server and from one mail server to another mail server.POP3 has a limited functionality whereas, the IMAP has extra features … [Read more...]

The computer and other communicating devices represent data in the form of signals. The signals transmit between communicating devices in the form of electromagnetic energy, and hence the signals are called electromagnetic signals. Electromagnetic signals are the combination of electric and magnetic fields that vibrates in relation to each other. The electromagnetic signals can travel through various transmission media. The transmission media is broadly classified into two categories that are … [Read more...]

To send and receive a mail two agents, message transfer agent and a message access agent are required. The message transfer agent transfers the message from client computer to the recipient's mail server. Now, it's the work of message access agent to pull the message from the mailbox present on the mail server at recipient's side to the recipient's computer. We have one message transfer agent i.e. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Agent), and we have two message access agents  POP (Post Office … [Read more...]