Kernel is the core part of an operating system; it manages the system resources. Kernel is like a bridge between application and hardware of the computer. The Kernel can be classified further into two categories, Microkernel and Monolithic Kernel. Microkernel is the one in which user services and kernel services are kept in separate address space. However, in Monolithic kernel user services and kernel services both are kept in the same address space. Let us discuss some more differences … [Read more...]

It is the responsibility of CPU scheduler to allot a process to CPU whenever the CPU is in the idle state. The CPU scheduler selects a process from ready queue and allocates the process to CPU. The scheduling which takes place when a process switches from running state to ready state or from waiting state to ready state is called Preemptive Scheduling. On the other hand, the scheduling which takes place when a process terminates or switches from running to waiting for state this kind of CPU … [Read more...]

There are two types of multiprocessing, Symmetric Multiprocessing and Asymmetric Multiprocessing. Multiprocessing system has more than one processor and they can execute multiple process simultaneously. In Symmetric Multiprocessing, processors shares the same memory. In Asymmetric Multiprocessing there is a one master processor that controls the data structure of the system. The primary difference between Symmetric and Asymmetric Multiprocessing is that in Symmetric Multiprocessing all the … [Read more...]

Address uniquely identifies a location in the memory. We have two types of addresses that are logical address and physical address. The logical address is a virtual address and can be viewed by the user. The user can't view the physical address directly. The logical address is used like a reference, to access the physical address. The fundamental difference between logical and physical address is that logical address is generated by CPU during a program execution whereas, the physical address … [Read more...]

To maximize the CPU utilisation, there must be proper scheduling of the processes. The Long-Term Scheduler and the Short-Term Scheduler, are the types of Scheduler. The Long-Term Scheduler executes less frequently as compared to Short -Term Scheduler. The distinguishable point between Long-Term Scheduler and Short-Term Scheduler is that the Long-Trem Scheduler selects the process from the Job Pool and then load them in the Ready Queue for execution. On the other hand, the Short-Term Scheduler … [Read more...]

Software is basically classified into two categories, System Software and Application Software. Where System Software acts as an interface between Application Software and hardware of the computer. The Application Software acts an interface between user and System Software. We can distinguish System Software and Application Software on account of the purpose of their design. The System Software is designed to manage the system resources and it also provides a platform for Application Software … [Read more...]

Both fork() and vfork() are the system calls that creates a new process that is identical to the process that invoked fork() or vfork(). Using fork() allows the execution of parent and child process simultaneously. The other way, vfork() suspends the execution of parent process until child process completes its execution. The primary difference between the fork() and vfork() system call is that the child process created using fork has separate address space as that of the parent process. On … [Read more...]

Operating system is system program that runs on the computer to provide an interface to the computer user so that they can easily operate on the computer. Kernel is also a system program that controls all programs running on the computer. Kernel is basically a bridge between software and hardware of the system. The basic difference that distinguishes kernel and operating system is that operating system is the package of data and software that manages the resources of the system, and the … [Read more...]